		December 2008	December 2007
		Rm	Rm
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Cash generated from operations	22	44 836	34 334
Interest received	4	1 744	1 013
Interest paid	5	(3 027)	(3 589)
Dividends paid		(2 536)	(1 675)
Income tax paid	23	(6 781)	(4 233)
Net cash from operating activities		34 236	25 850
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of property, plant and equipment		(26 896)	(14 458)
– to maintain operations		(4 172)	(1 908)
– to expand operations		(22 724)	(12 550)
Acquisition of other loans and advances		—	(891)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment and non-current assets		147	142
Acquisitions of intangible assets		(1 477)	(1 874)
Loans granted		(2 277)	—
Acquisitions of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired	42	(581)	(169)
Changes in shareholding	43	4 575	221
Increase in prepayments		(668)	(123)
Net cash used in investing activities		(27 177)	(17 152)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Dividends paid to minorities		(3 979)	(1 712)
Proceeds from the issuance of ordinary shares	15	41	60
Increase in other non-current liabilities		—	(11)
Long-term borrowings raised		20 431	8 217
Long-term borrowings repaid		(16 444)	(14 054)
Realisation of a cash-flow hedge		266	—
Increase in restricted cash		(1 038)	(609)
Short-term borrowings raised		2 322	10 422
Short-term borrowings repaid		(1 394)	(4 449)
Other		87	—
Net cash generated from/(used in) nancing activities		292	(2 135)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		7 351	6 563
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		15 546	9 008
Exchange gains/(losses) on cash and cash equivalents		2 699	(25)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	24	25 596	15 546

The notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.